Firearm



July 31, 1923. 1.463.160

E. A. FAIRBANKs 314m nto/c Eugen@ /7. Taz'rban/i 5.

July- 31, 1923. 1,463,160

E. A. FAIRBANKS FIREARM Filed-June 19. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Eugene, Ta frb'w/f Figc 9.

July 3l, 1923.

E.A.FAmBANKS FIREARM Filed June 19. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 umenloz Patented July 31, 1923.

EUGENE A. FAIRBANKS, OF HOLLAND, MICHIGAN.

FIREARM.

T o all whom t may concern.' v

Be it known that I, EUGENE A. FAIR- BANKS, a citizen of the United States, resid ing at Holland, in the county of Ottawa and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements 1n fire arms, and more particularly in small re arms, as pistols, small fowling pieces, and the like, and its objects are: first, to provide a means whereby the hammers and the triggers may be so securely looked in cocked position that it will be impossible to fire the arm until the locking element has been disengaged from both the hammer and the trigger;y second, to provide a means whereby all the internal working parts of the gun lock and its accessories may be mounted upon the trigger plate; third, to provide a means whereby a pistol grip ire arm may be readily converted into a stock gun, and vice versa. y lI attain these objects by the mechanism and arrangement of parts shown in the accompanying drawing, 'in which Fig. 1 is an elevation'of a pistol grip tire arm with the side plate removed to disclose the several elements necessary for bringing about the several obj ects hereinbefore mentioned. Fig. 2 is a like view with the gun barrel broken downas for the purpose of discharging the cartridgeshells or reloading the barrels of the gun. Fig. 3 shows the trigger plate re moved from the gun stock, in elevation, to show the manner of locking the hammers and triggers in place. Fig. 4 is a plan of the same with the hammers removed. Fig. 5 is a like view with the hammers in place. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the same showing offsets upon the hammers for contacting theiring pins upon a double barreled fire arm with one barrel directly above the other. Fig. 7 is a plan and anY elevation of the locking bolts and their actuating elements. Fig. 8 is a plan of the locking device with the sustaining element shown inl section to disclose the means for holding said element safely upon the` surface` of the trigger plate. Fig. 9 is a lplan of the bar that forces the hammers into operative position when the gun is broken down. Fig. 10 is a plan of the cartridge' shell extracter. Fig. 11 is a back elevation of the barrels showing the openingsl therein for locking the barrels in Apniigation med June 19, 1922. serial No. 569,438. ""J@ operative position upon the stock or grip. Fig. 12 is an enlarged side elevation of the trigger plate illustrating how thehammers and triggers of a double barrel gun may be locked in position. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a fire arm of the pistol class with a gun stock attached. Fig. 14 is a back end elevation of a pistol grip showing the several-holes therein for connecting a gun stock therewith. Fig. 15 is a side elevation of the metal extension by means of which the gun stock is secured to the pistol grip.

Similar reference characters indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

In the construction of this gun the barrels 1 and 2 are mounted with one immediately above the other, and are pivotally mounted upon the front end of the stock plate 3 as at 4, so the barrels may be readily thrown from the position shown in Fig. 1 into the position shown in Fig. 2, and vice versa. These barrels are locked into normal position upon the stock by means of locking pins or bars 13,'which said bars are held in locking position by a rod 14 having a cross head 15 designed to engage the ends of the bars 13, as indicated in Figs. 1, 2 and 7, said rod 14 being pivotally connected with a second rod 17. as at p, see Fig. 7, and is forced forwardly by means of a spring, as indicated at 16 in Figs. 1 and 2, said spring being located upon the rod 14 between the supporting element g in the gun stock, through which the rod 17 passes, as at 18, in Fig. 1, and the collar 1' on the rod 14. The rod 17 is provided with a slot s, (see Fig. 7) through which the stem 19 on the thumb slide 19, passes. so that if the slide 19 is drawn backwardly toward the back surface of the pistol grip the rod 17, and with it the rod 14 will be drawn backwardly and will draw the bolts 13 out of the holes 7' in the gun barrel, and thus release, or unlock the gun barrels so they may be thrown into the position shown in Fig. 2.

The hammers 5 andv 5 are pivotally mounted upon the supporting post 6', on the trigger plate 32.I by means of the pivot pin 6, so they maybe readily made to oscillate thereon, backwardly and forwardly. The hammers are forced forwardly against the firing pins 35, by .means of arod, or rods 30 which are pivotally connected with the hammers as at Z9, and pass throughv an open-y ing in the standard 23, and are actuated to throw the hammers forcibly against the liring pins by a coiledaspringy 31, mountedfupon each4 actuating rod 30. Vhen it is desired to remove, 0r to return a cartridge from, or into a barrel ofthe gun the locking'bolts 13 are withdrawn as hereinbefore explained,

and the barrels carried downwardly into the position indicated in Fig. 2, when the incline 1l, pressing against the inclined end of the cooking slide 10, forces the end 12 of said slide against the inclined surface t of the hammer and forces the hammer back into the position indicatedin F i'g. 2, against the tension of the springA or'springsl. This slide ismade to reciprocate in the opening 34 between the wall`s33 onithe trigger'plate 32, so that its action mustr be direct and unvaried".

When the lhammer or'hammers have been thrown backwardly into theposition shown in'fFig. 2 they'may belirmly locked' in place by means of thej rod25 which is made to slide freelythrough an openingin the sta-nd.- ard23, and is' providedL with a head; having anV upper `arm 26' and a` lower arm 27 forming an @neming/into which'. the catch 7 on the hammer rmay pass, as indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and' 12, and thereby lock the hammer, or

hammers firmly in position. At the samev time the arm 27 will rest directly upontlie project-ing endo of the triggers 8 and render it' impossible `to move the triggers, thus affordingfa double safeguard' against the premature'discharge of a cartridge in the gun.

Therod 25 is forced forwardly into position to engage the catch 7 on the hammer, by means ofa properly adjusted spring, as indicated at' 28. The rod' 25 is drawn backwardly to disengage the arms 26 and 27 from thecatchf? by means oftlie bell crank lever 2'1-22, which is pivotally mountedintothe upper end ofthe standard 23, as at of the arm 21 of said lever beingmade to press upon the incline 24 on the stem 19 of the slide 19,. and the arm 22 of said lever being made to engage thel slot' or notch. g in the back end' of the rod 25. When it is desired to lock the hammers in place in cocked position, the slide 19 is drawn baclrwardly until the arm 21 of the actuating lever rests upon the extreme point of the incline 24 and the spring 28`will force the rod 25 into position to engage the catch 7', as hereinbefore explained, and the end' of the trigger or triggers, so the trigger or triggers 8' cannot be made to become disengaged". from the notch u in the hammer' or hammers. If it is desired to' free the hammers so the` cartridges may be exploded it is simply necessaryl to move the slide 19 forwardly until the end of the arm 21 of: the actuatingbellcrank lever is.. raised sufficiently tot cause it to restV upon the ledge 2O on the stem 19', when the bolt 4 25' will be' drawnbackwardly against the tentriggers will be free to operate. That is, the operator may draw upon` eithentrigger, and the correspondinghammerv will be released andthrovvn forwardly by the spring 3l with sufficient force` to causeithe corresponding firing pin to indent the percussion cap in the cartridge and explode the powder therein.

36, in Figs. 2l and 11, represents the shell extracten the lip z' being designed to extract the shell from thevupper barrel, and the part z" being designed to extract the shell from the lower barrel.

To prevent the locking lever 25 from being drawn upwardly by theV force of the spring against thehammer or hammersa pin h is secured inthe front endfof saidshaft; and is made to projectforwardly therefrom. and pass intofthe hole h inthebackwardly exe post 6.

Iprefer thatv the hammer actuating, slide l0 be'provided with an actuating spring,was indicated at w, thatwill force the slide into normal position when, the' b arrels 1 and. 2 are returned into normal position, as this aver-ts the danger of: too suddenv movement of the slide when the. hammer is released fromthe trigger and-is forced:V suddenly forwardby the spring31. J.-J, in Fig. 1;1 represents holes in the backendv of the barrel part of the gun into which thelocking pins 13 arev forced to lockl the said barrels.- in place upon the, end; of the grip; of; the; gun.

@represents a; downwardly extending arm integral with, the tri gger' plate 32 that, forms ai part ofthe grip 37,. and d represents the trigger guard in common. use upon all guns of the character'hereini set forthz. 9 repre: sents the spring that actuates the triggverto force it. backV of theV notch u in the hammer when the hammer is` drawn backwardly into cocked position, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 12;

To meet' the requirements of users who may desire a more steady meansof holding the gun than can be achieved with the4 use of the pistol grip 37', Ifhaveprovided for connecting ai gun stock extensionupon the grip, as shown at 381m Fig. 13'. Thislstock extension is provided with a metal grip'pieee. 39, which is provided with a thumb""screw 40 that is designedy to screw into the hole k in the pistol grip, andS draw the stock` 38 firmly in .place thereon, and, also, with one or morepins, as 41, that'y are designed to pass into\ the holes 'rb--nand prevent the stock from revolving upon the` screw 40" andL becoming` displaced?, or=beingthrown outof proper-alinement with thegrip.V i

a-a represents offsets upon the; hammers 5 and 5 imposition to properly contact. the firing pins 13, as desired. C representstlre pivotal support ofthe triggers and 4 f-fare ioo holes through which pins may be passed to secure the trigger plate to the breech block 3. m is an opening in the stock plate 39 for the head of the screw 40.

With the hammers 5, the triggers 8, and their several adjunctive elements mounted upon the trigger plate 32 it is a simple matter to assemble, or to dissembel these parts without the use of a tool of any kind, after the trigger plate has been removed from the gun stock.

With my construction the thumb slide acts in three capacities, as follows: first, with it in the position indicated by its solid lines in Fig. 1 it forces the locking pins 13 into the holes in the breech of the gun-barrels and locks the barrels firmly in place. At the same time the locking device, 26-27, is disconnected from both the hammers and the triggers and the gun may be fired as desired. Second, when the thumb slide is carried backwardly into the position indicated by its dotted lines in Fig. 1 the barrels will still remain locked in place. and, at the same t-ime, the hammer lock will be allowed to move forwardly into position to rest upon the end of the triggers' and to engage the end7 of the hammers and lock said triggers and hammers so firmly in cocked position as to render it impossible to draw the trigger or triggers and fire the gun until the thumb slide has been moved forwardlv into its most forward position, indicated by its solid lines' in Fig. 1. Third, when the thumb slide is moved backwardly into the position indicated in Fig. 2, the pins 13 will be drawn entirely clear of the barrels and the barrels may be broken down into the position indicated in Fig. 2 for removing the empty shells, and for reloading the gun, as desired.

The slot S in the rod 17 should be made considerably longer than the width of the arm 19 of the thumb slide 19 so the thumb slide may be moved far enough backwardly to allow the locking bolt 26-27 to lock the hammer and the trigger in place before the pins 13 are drawn out of engagement with the barrels 1, but short enough so the pins will be drawn out of such engagement with the further movement of the slide.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new in the art, is:

1. In combination with the barrel, the

breech and the hammers and the hammer actuating mechanism of a breech loading fire arm, a trigger pivotally mounted in position to hold the hammer in cocked position, a locking bolt having an upper short arm and a longer lower arm forming a Slot between them, said bolt mounted upon the trigger plate in position to be made to slide longitudinally so the catch on the hammer will be made to enter the slot in the locking bolt and the end of the trigger body will be secured under the longer arm of the locking bolt head, a spring for forcing the locking bolt into contact with the catch on the head and over the end of the trigger body, a thumb slide mounted upon the breech of the gun and having a downwardly eXtendin body thereon, an incline and a ledge forme upon the lower end of said body, a bell crank lever pivotally mounted so one arm of said lever will contact with the incline and ledge, and the other end will engage the end of the locking bolt in such a manner that'when the thumb slide is slid forwardly the lever will draw the bolt out of Contact with the hammer and the trigger, and when the thumb slide is slid backwardly the end of the lever will slide downwardly upon the incline and allow the locking bar to be foced into contact with the catch on the hammer and the end of the trigger body to lock the hammer in cocked position.

2. In combination with the elements covered in claim 1, means whereby the throwing of the barrels into break down position will automatically move the hammers into cocked position.

3. In combination with the elements covered in claim 1, the locking elements so arranged that a one half backward movement of the locking slide will leave the barrels locked in normal position and will lock the hammer and the trigger in cocked position.

4. In combination with the elements' covered in claim 1, offsets extending inwardly from the inner edges of the hammers in position to extend by each other and aotuate the firing pins to discharge an upper and a lower barrel in direct vertical alinement without danger of interference between the hammers or the said offsets.

Signed at Holland, Mich., June 2, 1922.

EUGENE A. FAIRBANKS. 

